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Data

To access BIEN data (observations, traits, geographic ranges, plots) please use our R package, R BIEN. See also here for the R BIEN publication.

A central BIEN goal is to bring together data on plant distribution, abundance and traits, with the goal of predicting and mitigating the effects of climate change on plant species and communities.

The BIEN database provides a common schema for merging georeferenced observations of individuals and species from specimens, vegetation inventories, and regional checklists, with measurements of species-level traits such as size, growth form, wood density, specific leaf area, etc. Currently these primary data are available only to members of the BIEN working group. However, our goal is to make available via this website any data whose owner is willing to make public access. We are currently working on securing distribution permissions. Derived products such as species niche models and range maps will also be made publicly available through the BIEN website.

BIEN can also manage data not yet ready for public release. We will provide tools to enable researchers to share their data selectively with other researchers on an individual basis. The development of user-managed data networking tools is central to BIEN's mission of promoting collaboration and enabling research at regional and global scales.

Below is a summary of data in the current (BIEN 4.1) database.

Total observations: 285513809
Specimens: 74792924
Plot observations: 17430379
Plots: 364477
Species: 464348
       
Trait name Units Number of Species Number of Records
diameter at breast height (1.3 m) cm 9936 14929488
flower color 2623 3445
flower pollination syndrome 2058 2143
fruit type 321 363
inflorescence length cm 355 389
leaf area mm2 4128 32559
leaf area per leaf dry mass m2.kg-1 5301 51894
leaf carbon content per leaf dry mass mg.g-1 1089 4843
leaf carbon content per leaf nitrogen content 1723 3500
leaf compoundness 894 976
leaf dry mass g 2439 28486
leaf dry mass per leaf fresh mass mg.g-1 2525 17790
leaf fresh mass g 491 5800
Leaf lamina fracture toughness J.m-2 305 363
leaf life span months 420 6212
leaf nitrogen content per leaf area kg.m-2 1240 2414
leaf nitrogen content per leaf dry mass mg.g-1 3833 14764
leaf phosphorus content per leaf area g.m-2 303 532
leaf phosphorus content per leaf dry mass mg.g-1 2047 7437
leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf area µmol.m-2.s-1 1569 4582
leaf photosynthetic rate per leaf dry mass µmol.g-1.s-1 1279 3564
leaf relative growth rate leaf #/leaf #/day 1843
leaf stomatal conductance for H2O per leaf area mol.H2O.m-2.s-1 740 2215
leaf stomatal conductance per leaf area µmol.m-2.s-1 93 446
leaf thickness mm 677 4265
longest whole plant longevity years 652 730
maximum fruit length mm 422 459
maximum leaf length cm 507 558
maximum leaf width cm 495 545
maximum whole plant height m 3141 3722
maximum whole plant longevity years 910 1065
minimum fruit length mm 353 383
minimum leaf length cm 498 549
minimum leaf width cm 493 542
minimum whole plant height m 604 658
plant flowering begin date 4894 13731
plant flowering begin month 4894 13731
plant flowering duration month 1659 1763
plant fruiting duration month 580 631
root dry mass g 398 7307
seed length mm 646 1111
seed mass mg 10132 93543
stem dry mass kg 530 5193
stem relative growth rate cm/cm/day 1843
stem wood density g.cm-3 8026 39162
vessel lumen area mm2 2039 2230
vessel number vessels mm-2 2039 2230
whole plant dispersal syndrome 1247 1324
whole plant growth form 83579 330047
whole plant growth form diversity 66472 67413
whole plant height m 6921 10167913
whole plant primary juvenile period length years 346 375
whole plant sexual system 1275 1348
whole plant vegetative phenology 6416 6706
whole plant woodiness 45814 49060
 

BIEN 4 geovalid occurrence density.

BIEN database current version: 4.1

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