| Column |
Data Type |
Null |
Description |
Values |
| centroid_dist_km |
numeric |
YES |
Absolute distance in km from observation to known centroid |
|
| centroid_likelihood |
numeric |
YES |
1-centroid_dist_relative |
|
| cods_keyword_id |
integer |
YES |
Foreign key to table cods_keyword |
|
| cods_proximity_id |
integer |
YES |
Foreign key to table cods_proximity |
|
| continent |
character varying |
YES |
Standard continent / major geographic region name (GNRS) |
|
| coordinate_inherent_uncertainty_m |
numeric |
YES |
Uncertainty in m due to number of decimal places |
|
| fk_cds_id |
integer |
YES |
Foreign key to table CDS |
|
| gid_0 |
text |
YES |
GADM identifier for admin level 0 (country) political unit (GNRS) |
|
| gid_1 |
text |
YES |
GADM identifier for admin level 1 (state) political unit (GNRS) |
|
| gid_2 |
text |
YES |
GADM identifier for admin level 2 (county) political unit GNRS) |
|
| invalid_latlong_reason |
text |
YES |
|
|
| is_invalid_latlong |
integer |
YES |
Are coordinates an impossible terrestrial value (out of range or in water)? |
|
| is_new |
smallint |
YES |
[Internal use] |
|
| latlong_text |
text |
YES |
Concatenated decimal latitude and longitude as text |
|
| taxonobservation_id |
bigint |
NO |
Integer primary key. Uniquely identifies each record in this table. |
|
| observation_type |
character varying |
YES |
Type of observation (specimen, plot, trait, etc.) |
'checklist occurrence', 'human observation', 'l… MORE |
| plot_metadata_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to table plot_metadata |
|
| datasource_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to table datasource |
|
| datasource |
text |
YES |
Unique code for the person, institution or project that provided the data to BIEN. Consists of one or more datasets. |
|
| dataset |
text |
YES |
Identifies a group of plots, specimens or trait measurements from a single data owner or group of owner. The lowest unit of grouping of data in BIEN. |
|
| dataowner |
text |
YES |
Primary owner of the dataset or primary contact |
|
| country_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim country, as submitted |
|
| state_province_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim state/province, as submitted. |
|
| county_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim county/parish, as submitted |
|
| poldiv_full |
text |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| fk_gnrs_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to table gnrs |
|
| country |
text |
YES |
Standard country name from geonames database (GNRS) |
|
| state_province |
text |
YES |
Standard state/province name from geonames database (GNRS) |
|
| county |
text |
YES |
Standard county/parish name from geonames database (GNRS) |
|
| locality |
text |
YES |
Verbatim locality description |
|
| latlong_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim latitude and longitude |
|
| latitude |
numeric |
YES |
Decimal latitude |
|
| longitude |
numeric |
YES |
Decimal longitude |
|
| geodeticdatum |
text |
YES |
Geodetic datum of coordinates, if known |
|
| coord_uncertainty_m |
double precision |
YES |
Coordinate uncertain in m |
|
| coord_uncertainty_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim statement of coordinate error |
|
| coord_max_uncertainty_km |
numeric |
YES |
Maximum coordinate uncertainty in km |
|
| georef_sources |
text |
YES |
Georeferencing sources, if applicable (from original data) |
|
| georef_protocol |
text |
YES |
Georeferencing protocol, if applicable |
|
| is_centroid |
integer |
YES |
1=point is a centroid; 0=point not a centroid |
|
| centroid_dist_relative |
numeric |
YES |
Relative distance to centroid (Absolute distance divided by distance from centroid to farthest point on perimiter). |
|
| centroid_poldiv |
text |
YES |
Political division of which point is most likely to be centroid |
|
| centroid_type |
text |
YES |
Centroid of shape of this type |
|
| is_in_country |
integer |
YES |
Are coordinates in declared (standard) country (Geovalidation) |
'0', '1', 'NULL' MORE |
| is_in_state_province |
integer |
YES |
Are coordinates in declared (standard) state/province (Geovalidation) |
'0', '1', 'NULL' MORE |
| is_in_county |
integer |
YES |
Are coordinates in declared (standard) county/parish (Geovalidation) |
'0', '1', 'NULL' MORE |
| is_geovalid |
smallint |
YES |
Do coordinates fall within all declared political divisions? (BIEN validation 'geovalidation') |
'0', '1', 'NULL' MORE |
| is_new_world |
smallint |
YES |
Is country in western hemisphere? |
'0', '1', 'NULL' MORE |
| project_id |
text |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| project_contributors |
ARRAY |
YES |
Persons associated with or contributing to the project |
|
| location_id |
text |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| plot_name |
text |
YES |
Plot name or code. Unique within a given dataset. |
|
| subplot |
text |
YES |
Subplot code, if applicable |
|
| is_location_cultivated |
boolean |
YES |
[Internal use] |
|
| locationevent_id |
integer |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| event_date_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim date of observation |
|
| event_date |
date |
YES |
Date of observation |
|
| event_date_accuracy |
text |
YES |
Level of accuracy with which original date was specified: day, month or year. |
|
| elevation_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim elevation |
|
| elevation_m |
numeric |
YES |
Elevation in m. Midpoint if elevation_verbatim is a range. |
|
| elevation_min_m |
numeric |
YES |
Minimum elevation in m, if range. |
|
| elevation_max_m |
numeric |
YES |
Maximum elevation in m, if range. |
|
| slope_aspect_deg |
numeric |
YES |
Slope aspect in degrees |
|
| slope_gradient_deg |
numeric |
YES |
Slope gradient in degrees |
|
| plot_area_ha |
double precision |
YES |
Plot area in ha |
|
| sampling_protocol |
text |
YES |
Plot sampling protocol, if applicable (semi-standardized description) |
|
| temperature_c |
numeric |
YES |
Mean annual temperature in C |
|
| precip_mm |
numeric |
YES |
Total annual precipitation in mm |
|
| stratum_name |
text |
YES |
Plot stratum code, if applicable |
|
| vegetation_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim description of vegetation or habitat |
|
| community_concept_name |
ARRAY |
YES |
Vegetation classification (classification used varies by source database) |
|
| observation_contributors |
ARRAY |
YES |
Persons who contributed to collecting data in the field |
|
| custodial_institution_codes |
text |
YES |
Standard code(s) of institution(s) holding specimen or duplicate specimen |
|
| collection_code |
text |
YES |
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/#collectionCode |
|
| catalog_number |
text |
YES |
DwC term. In BIEN, the unique identifier from the original dataset. Unique within a given dataset. |
|
| occurrence_id |
text |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| recorded_by |
text |
YES |
Collector of a specimen, or primary data collector of a plot |
|
| record_number |
text |
YES |
Collection number of a specimen |
|
| date_collected_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim date of collection |
|
| date_collected |
date |
YES |
Date of collection |
|
| date_collected_accuracy |
text |
YES |
Level of accuracy with which date of collection was specified (day, month, year). |
|
| identified_by |
text |
YES |
Person(s) who provided the most recent idenfication |
|
| date_identified_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Verbatim date of identification |
|
| date_identified |
date |
YES |
Date of identification |
|
| date_identified_accuracy |
text |
YES |
Level of accuracy with which original date of identification was specified (day, month, year). |
|
| identification_remarks |
text |
YES |
Comments on the identification |
|
| bien_taxonomy_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to table bien_taxonomy |
|
| taxon_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to table taxon |
|
| family_taxon_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to taxon_id of family in table taxon |
|
| genus_taxon_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to taxon_id of genus in table taxon |
|
| species_taxon_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to taxon_id of species in table taxon |
|
| verbatim_family |
text |
YES |
Verbatim taxon name |
|
| verbatim_scientific_name |
text |
YES |
Verbatim taxon name |
|
| name_submitted |
text |
YES |
Name submitted to TNRS; usually = verbatim_family + verbatim_scientific_name, with corrections for characters not handled by TNRS |
|
| fk_tnrs_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to table tnrs |
|
| family_matched |
text |
YES |
Family matched by the TNRS (if family submitted) |
|
| name_matched |
text |
YES |
Taxon name matched by the TNRS |
|
| name_matched_author |
text |
YES |
Standard of of the taxon name matched by the TNRS |
|
| tnrs_name_matched_score |
numeric |
YES |
Overall TNRS name match score |
|
| tnrs_warning |
text |
YES |
TNRS warnings, if any. |
'No match', 'NULL', 'Partial match', 'TNRS resu… MORE |
| matched_taxonomic_status |
text |
YES |
Taxonomic status of name matched by TNRS |
'Accepted', 'Illegitimate', 'Invalid', 'No opin… MORE |
| match_summary |
text |
YES |
Summary of match completeness for this name. |
'Exact match', 'Fuzzy match', 'No match', 'NULL… MORE |
| scrubbed_taxonomic_status |
text |
YES |
Taxonomic status of final taxon name resolved by TNRS. In most cases will be accepted; if not accepted name will use matched name if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion' |
'Accepted', 'No opinion', 'NULL' MORE |
| higher_plant_group |
text |
YES |
Major higher plant group, not necessarily monophyletic (added by BIEN) |
'Algae', 'Bacteria', 'bryophytes', 'ferns and a… MORE |
| scrubbed_family |
text |
YES |
Family of accepted taxon name resolved by TNRS. If no accepted name, family of matched name is used, but only if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'. |
|
| scrubbed_genus |
text |
YES |
Genus of accepted name resolved by TNRS. If no accepted name, matched name is used if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'.. |
|
| scrubbed_specific_epithet |
text |
YES |
Epithet of final accepted species resolved by TNRS. If no accepted name, epithet of matched species is used, but only if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'.. |
|
| scrubbed_species_binomial |
text |
YES |
Accepted species resolved by TNRS. If no accepted name, matched species is used, but only if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'. |
|
| scrubbed_taxon_name_no_author |
text |
YES |
Final accepted taxon name resolved by TNRS. If no accepted name, matched name is used, but only if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'. |
|
| scrubbed_taxon_canonical |
text |
YES |
Final taxon name resolved by TNRS, omitting infraspecific indicators such as var., subsp., etc. |
|
| scrubbed_author |
text |
YES |
Author of accepted taxon name resolved by TNRS. If no accepted name, author of matched name is used if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'. |
|
| scrubbed_taxon_name_with_author |
text |
YES |
Final accepted taxon name + author resolved by TNRS. If no accepted name, matched name is used if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'. |
|
| scrubbed_species_binomial_with_morphospecies |
text |
YES |
Final species binomial resolved by TNRS, with unmatched terms, if any, appended to end. If no accepted name, matched name is used if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'. |
|
| growth_form |
text |
YES |
Final species binomial resolved by TNRS, with unmatched terms, if any, appended to end. If no accepted name, matched name is used if matched_taxonomic_status='No opinion'. |
|
| reproductive_condition |
text |
YES |
Reproductive condition (flowering, fruiting, sterile, etc.). Vocabulary not currently standardized. |
|
| occurrence_remarks |
text |
YES |
Any additional remarks accompanying observation. For specimens, this will be the description of the specimen. |
|
| taxon_observation_id |
text |
YES |
[internal use] NOT the same as taxonobservation_id. DO NOT USE. |
|
| taxon_name_usage_concept_author_code |
text |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| plantobservation_id |
integer |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| aggregate_organism_observation_id |
text |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| individual_organism_observation_id |
text |
YES |
[internal use] |
|
| individual_id |
text |
YES |
Verbatim identifier or code for a unique individual within a plot. Optional. |
|
| individual_count |
integer |
YES |
Number of individuals represented by this observation (individual observations only) |
|
| stem_height_m |
numeric |
YES |
Stem height in m |
|
| cover_percent |
numeric |
YES |
Percent cover of this taxon (aggregate cover observations only) |
|
| cites |
text |
YES |
Current CITES listing for this taxon |
|
| iucn |
text |
YES |
IUCN Red List endangered status for this taxon. |
|
| usda_federal |
text |
YES |
USDA federal threatened & endangered status for this taxon, if applicable |
|
| usda_state |
text |
YES |
USDA state threatened & endangered status for this taxon, if applicable |
|
| is_embargoed_observation |
smallint |
YES |
Is locality information for this records hidden due to endangered status of taxon? |
'1', 'NULL' MORE |
| geom |
USER-DEFINED |
YES |
Spatial object |
|
| nsr_id |
bigint |
YES |
Foreign key to table nsr. |
|
| native_status_country |
text |
YES |
Native status in country (NSR) |
'A', 'I', 'Ie', 'N', 'Ne', 'NULL', 'P' MORE |
| native_status_state_province |
text |
YES |
Native status in state/province (NSR) |
'I', 'Ie', 'N', 'Ne', 'NULL', 'P' MORE |
| native_status_county_parish |
text |
YES |
Native status in sounty/parish (NSR) |
'I', 'Ie', 'NULL' MORE |
| native_status |
text |
YES |
Native status of taxon in lowest political division for which checklist information available (NSR) |
'A', 'I', 'Ie', 'N', 'Ne', 'NULL', 'P', 'UNK' MORE |
| native_status_reason |
text |
YES |
Reason overall native status assigned (NSR) |
'Absent from all checklists for region', 'Endem… MORE |
| native_status_sources |
text |
YES |
Checklist sources used to assign native status (NSR) |
|
| is_introduced |
smallint |
YES |
Is taxon introduced in declared political division? Final NSR assessment based on native_status (0,1,NULL). |
'0', '1', 'NULL' MORE |
| is_cultivated_in_region |
smallint |
YES |
Is taxon known to be cultivated in declared political division? (NSR) |
'0', 'NULL' MORE |
| is_cultivated_taxon |
smallint |
YES |
Is taxon primarily cultivated? (NSR) |
'0', '1', 'NULL' MORE |
| is_cultivated_observation |
smallint |
YES |
Is observation of an individual cultivated plant (0,1,NULL) |
'0', '1', 'NULL' MORE |
| is_cultivated_observation_basis |
text |
YES |
Reason for assignment of is_cultivated_observation status. |
'Keywords in locality', 'NULL', 'Proximity to h… MORE |
| citation_verbatim |
text |
YES |
Citation for this observation (verbatim) |
|
| citation |
text |
YES |
Citation for this observation (bibtex) |
|
